diff --git a/api/src/lib/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.ts b/api/src/lib/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..19da2e4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/api/src/lib/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+import crypto from "node:crypto";
+
+/**
+ * Ancient Runic Glass Engraving Lathe, Copper Wheel Intaglio & Arcane Sigil Engine for OpenAO MMORPG.
+ * Simulates glass engraving lathes and intaglio copper wheels (Cedar Glass Engraving Lathe, Runic Copper Wheel Intaglio Bench, Celestial Void Sigil Sanctum),
+ * raw quartz crystal goblets and flacon blanks (Quartz Crystal Goblet Blank, Lead Crystal Decanter Blank, Celestial Void Starlight Flacon),
+ * engraved chalice and reliquary flacon recipes (Chalice of Sovereign Vitality, Decanter of Arcane Clarity, Celestial Void Reliquary Flacon),
+ * independent runic resonance ratings (0% to 100%), clamped spell empower and clamped mana conservation scaling,
+ * upfront blank material deduction on all craft attempts, consistent remainingProvidedBlanks return shapes across all paths, cached static catalog maxima, authoritative catalog power ratio, and engraving lathe maintenance.
+ */
+
+export type EngravingLatheType = "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE" | "RUNIC_COPPER_WHEEL_INTAGLIO_BENCH" | "CELESTIAL_VOID_SIGIL_SANCTUM";
+export type RawGobletBlankType = "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK" | "LEAD_CRYSTAL_DECANTER_BLANK" | "CELESTIAL_VOID_STARLIGHT_FLACON";
+export type EngravedGlasswareRecipeType = "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY" | "DECANTER_OF_ARCANE_CLARITY" | "CELESTIAL_VOID_RELIQUARY_FLACON";
+
+export interface EngravingLatheData {
+    latheType: EngravingLatheType;
+    maxDurability: number;
+    engravingPower: number;
+    baseSuccessRatePercent: number; // 0 to 100
+    sigilBonusPercent: number;
+}
+
+export interface EngravedGlasswareRecipeData {
+    recipeType: EngravedGlasswareRecipeType;
+    requiredBlankType: RawGobletBlankType;
+    requiredBlankCount: number;
+    baseSpellEmpowerPercent: number;
+    baseManaConservationPercent: number;
+}
+
+export interface ActiveEngravingLathe {
+    latheId: string;
+    engraverPlayerId: string;
+    latheType: EngravingLatheType;
+    currentDurability: number;
+    maxDurability: number;
+    engravingPower: number;
+    isFunctional: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface CraftedEngravedGlassware {
+    glasswareId: string;
+    recipeType: EngravedGlasswareRecipeType;
+    finalSpellEmpowerPercent: number;
+    finalManaConservationPercent: number;
+    runicResonancePercent: number; // 0 to 100
+    consumedBlankCount: number;
+    consumedBlankType: RawGobletBlankType;
+    remainingProvidedBlanks: RawGobletBlankType[];
+    craftedEpochMs: number;
+}
+
+export const LATHE_CATALOG: Record<EngravingLatheType, EngravingLatheData> = {
+    CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE: { latheType: "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE", maxDurability: 75, engravingPower: 25, baseSuccessRatePercent: 85, sigilBonusPercent: 10 },
+    RUNIC_COPPER_WHEEL_INTAGLIO_BENCH: { latheType: "RUNIC_COPPER_WHEEL_INTAGLIO_BENCH", maxDurability: 170, engravingPower: 65, baseSuccessRatePercent: 92, sigilBonusPercent: 20 },
+    CELESTIAL_VOID_SIGIL_SANCTUM: { latheType: "CELESTIAL_VOID_SIGIL_SANCTUM", maxDurability: 310, engravingPower: 120, baseSuccessRatePercent: 99, sigilBonusPercent: 35 },
+};
+
+export const ENGRAVED_RECIPE_CATALOG: Record<EngravedGlasswareRecipeType, EngravedGlasswareRecipeData> = {
+    CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY: { recipeType: "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY", requiredBlankType: "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", requiredBlankCount: 2, baseSpellEmpowerPercent: 20, baseManaConservationPercent: 10 },
+    DECANTER_OF_ARCANE_CLARITY: { recipeType: "DECANTER_OF_ARCANE_CLARITY", requiredBlankType: "LEAD_CRYSTAL_DECANTER_BLANK", requiredBlankCount: 2, baseSpellEmpowerPercent: 45, baseManaConservationPercent: 25 },
+    CELESTIAL_VOID_RELIQUARY_FLACON: { recipeType: "CELESTIAL_VOID_RELIQUARY_FLACON", requiredBlankType: "CELESTIAL_VOID_STARLIGHT_FLACON", requiredBlankCount: 2, baseSpellEmpowerPercent: 80, baseManaConservationPercent: 60 },
+};
+
+export class AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine {
+    public static readonly DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * Cached static catalog maxima to prevent runtime array reallocation.
+     */
+    public static readonly CATALOG_MAXIMA = {
+        maxPower: Math.max(...Object.values(LATHE_CATALOG).map(l => l.engravingPower), 1),
+        maxBonus: Math.max(...Object.values(LATHE_CATALOG).map(l => l.sigilBonusPercent), 1),
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a crypto-secure UUID or 128-bit hex string using node:crypto.
+     */
+    private static generateSecureId(): string {
+        if (typeof crypto.randomUUID === "function") {
+            return crypto.randomUUID();
+        }
+        return crypto.randomBytes(16).toString("hex");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs and initializes an engraving lathe or intaglio wheel bench.
+     */
+    public static constructLathe(
+        engraverPlayerId: string,
+        latheType: EngravingLatheType
+    ): ActiveEngravingLathe {
+        const data = LATHE_CATALOG[latheType];
+        if (!data) {
+            throw new Error(`Unsupported engraving lathe type: ${String(latheType)}`);
+        }
+
+        const uuid = this.generateSecureId();
+
+        return {
+            latheId: `lathe_${latheType.toLowerCase()}_${uuid}`,
+            engraverPlayerId,
+            latheType,
+            currentDurability: data.maxDurability,
+            maxDurability: data.maxDurability,
+            engravingPower: data.engravingPower,
+            isFunctional: true,
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Engraves and carves intaglio sigils into crystal goblets and reliquary flacons.
+     * Note: Mutates the passed `lathe` in place and returns it as `updatedLathe` for caller ergonomics.
+     */
+    public static engraveGlassware(
+        lathe: ActiveEngravingLathe,
+        recipeType: EngravedGlasswareRecipeType,
+        providedBlanks: RawGobletBlankType[],
+        craftRoll = Math.random(),
+        resonanceRoll = Math.random(),
+        currentEpochMs = Date.now()
+    ): { success: boolean; glassware?: CraftedEngravedGlassware; updatedLathe?: ActiveEngravingLathe; remainingDurability: number; remainingProvidedBlanks: RawGobletBlankType[]; reason?: string } {
+        const fallbackBlanks = Array.isArray(providedBlanks) ? [...providedBlanks] : [];
+
+        if (!lathe || !lathe.isFunctional || lathe.currentDurability < this.DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT) {
+            return {
+                success: false,
+                updatedLathe: lathe,
+                remainingDurability: lathe?.currentDurability ?? 0,
+                remainingProvidedBlanks: fallbackBlanks,
+                reason: `Engraving lathe is misaligned or lacks durability (requires ${this.DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT}).`,
+            };
+        }
+
+        const latheData = LATHE_CATALOG[lathe.latheType];
+        if (!latheData) {
+            return { success: false, updatedLathe: lathe, remainingDurability: lathe.currentDurability, remainingProvidedBlanks: fallbackBlanks, reason: `Unknown lathe model: ${String(lathe.latheType)}` };
+        }
+
+        const recipe = ENGRAVED_RECIPE_CATALOG[recipeType];
+        if (!recipe) {
+            return { success: false, updatedLathe: lathe, remainingDurability: lathe.currentDurability, remainingProvidedBlanks: fallbackBlanks, reason: `Unknown glassware recipe: ${String(recipeType)}` };
+        }
+
+        if (!Array.isArray(providedBlanks)) {
+            return { success: false, updatedLathe: lathe, remainingDurability: lathe.currentDurability, remainingProvidedBlanks: [], reason: "Invalid blanks array." };
+        }
+
+        // Count matching crystal blanks
+        const matchingCount = providedBlanks.filter(b => b === recipe.requiredBlankType).length;
+        if (matchingCount < recipe.requiredBlankCount) {
+            return {
+                success: false,
+                updatedLathe: lathe,
+                remainingDurability: lathe.currentDurability,
+                remainingProvidedBlanks: fallbackBlanks,
+                reason: `Insufficient crystal blank: requires ${recipe.requiredBlankCount}x ${recipe.requiredBlankType}, provided ${matchingCount}.`,
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Deduct durability in place
+        lathe.currentDurability -= this.DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT;
+        if (lathe.currentDurability < this.DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT) {
+            lathe.currentDurability = Math.max(0, lathe.currentDurability);
+            lathe.isFunctional = false;
+        }
+
+        // Deduct materials upfront on all craft attempts
+        const remaining = [...providedBlanks];
+        let removed = 0;
+        for (let i = remaining.length - 1; i >= 0 && removed < recipe.requiredBlankCount; i--) {
+            if (remaining[i] === recipe.requiredBlankType) {
+                remaining.splice(i, 1);
+                removed++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        const safeRoll = Number.isFinite(craftRoll) ? Math.max(0, Math.min(1, craftRoll)) : Math.random();
+        const rollPercent = safeRoll * 100;
+
+        if (rollPercent > latheData.baseSuccessRatePercent) {
+            return {
+                success: false,
+                updatedLathe: lathe,
+                remainingDurability: lathe.currentDurability,
+                remainingProvidedBlanks: remaining,
+                reason: `Crystal blank fractured: copper wheel chatter chipped intaglio rim, rolled ${rollPercent.toFixed(1)}, needed <= ${latheData.baseSuccessRatePercent}.`,
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Calculate independent runic resonance score (0% to 100%) dynamically using cached catalog maxima & authoritative catalog values
+        const { maxPower, maxBonus } = this.CATALOG_MAXIMA;
+        const safeResonanceRoll = Number.isFinite(resonanceRoll) ? Math.max(0, Math.min(1, resonanceRoll)) : Math.random();
+        const powerRatio = Math.min(1.0, latheData.engravingPower / maxPower);
+        const bonusPoints = (latheData.sigilBonusPercent / maxBonus) * 20;
+        const resonanceScore = Math.max(0, Math.min(100, Math.round(
+            (safeResonanceRoll * 40) + (powerRatio * 40) + bonusPoints
+        )));
+        const qualityMultiplier = 0.8 + ((resonanceScore / 100) * 0.4); // 0.8 to 1.2x
+
+        const finalEmpower = Math.max(0, Math.min(100, Math.round(recipe.baseSpellEmpowerPercent * qualityMultiplier)));
+        const finalConservation = Math.max(0, Math.min(100, Math.round(recipe.baseManaConservationPercent * qualityMultiplier)));
+
+        const uuid = this.generateSecureId();
+
+        const glassware: CraftedEngravedGlassware = {
+            glasswareId: `engraved_${recipeType.toLowerCase()}_${uuid}`,
+            recipeType,
+            finalSpellEmpowerPercent: finalEmpower,
+            finalManaConservationPercent: finalConservation,
+            runicResonancePercent: resonanceScore,
+            consumedBlankCount: recipe.requiredBlankCount,
+            consumedBlankType: recipe.requiredBlankType,
+            remainingProvidedBlanks: remaining,
+            craftedEpochMs: currentEpochMs,
+        };
+
+        return {
+            success: true,
+            glassware,
+            updatedLathe: lathe,
+            remainingDurability: lathe.currentDurability,
+            remainingProvidedBlanks: remaining,
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Re-dresses copper intaglio wheels and maintains engraving lathe.
+     */
+    public static maintainLathe(
+        lathe: ActiveEngravingLathe,
+        repairAmount = 50
+    ): { success: boolean; newDurability: number; isFunctional: boolean } {
+        if (!lathe) return { success: false, newDurability: 0, isFunctional: false };
+
+        const amt = Number.isFinite(repairAmount) ? Math.max(0, repairAmount) : 50;
+        lathe.currentDurability = Math.min(lathe.maxDurability, lathe.currentDurability + amt);
+        lathe.isFunctional = lathe.currentDurability >= this.DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT;
+
+        return {
+            success: true,
+            newDurability: lathe.currentDurability,
+            isFunctional: lathe.isFunctional,
+        };
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/api/src/tests/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.test.ts b/api/src/tests/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..17e8de8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/api/src/tests/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import {
+    AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine,
+    ActiveEngravingLathe,
+} from "../lib/ancientRunicGlassEngravingLathe.js";
+
+describe("AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine Engraving Lathes & Crystal Glassware", () => {
+    it("engraves Celestial Void Reliquary Flacon in Sigil Sanctum achieving 100% resonance and returns spliced flacons", () => {
+        const lathe = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("engraver_01", "CELESTIAL_VOID_SIGIL_SANCTUM");
+        expect(lathe.latheType).toBe("CELESTIAL_VOID_SIGIL_SANCTUM");
+        expect(lathe.currentDurability).toBe(310);
+
+        const initialBlanks = [
+            "CELESTIAL_VOID_STARLIGHT_FLACON",
+            "CELESTIAL_VOID_STARLIGHT_FLACON",
+            "CELESTIAL_VOID_STARLIGHT_FLACON"
+        ] as any[];
+
+        const craftRes = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(
+            lathe,
+            "CELESTIAL_VOID_RELIQUARY_FLACON",
+            initialBlanks,
+            0.1, // Success roll
+            1.0, // Resonance roll 1.0 -> 40 + 40 + 20 = 100%
+            100000
+        );
+
+        expect(craftRes.success).toBe(true);
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.recipeType).toBe("CELESTIAL_VOID_RELIQUARY_FLACON");
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.runicResonancePercent).toBe(100);
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.finalSpellEmpowerPercent).toBe(96); // 80 * 1.20 = 96%
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.finalManaConservationPercent).toBe(72); // 60 * 1.20 = 72%
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.consumedBlankCount).toBe(2);
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.consumedBlankType).toBe("CELESTIAL_VOID_STARLIGHT_FLACON");
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.remainingProvidedBlanks.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(craftRes.remainingDurability).toBe(300); // 310 - 10
+    });
+
+    it("verifies mid-range resonance roll and sub-100% quality scaling on Cedar lathe", () => {
+        const lathe = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("engraver_mid", "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE");
+        // powerRatio = 25/120 = 0.20833, bonusPoints = (10/35)*20 = 5.714
+        // safeResonanceRoll = 0.5 -> 0.5 * 40 = 20
+        // resonanceScore = Math.round(20 + 8.333 + 5.714) = 34
+        // qualityMultiplier = 0.8 + (34/100)*0.4 = 0.8 + 0.136 = 0.936
+        // finalEmpower = Math.round(20 * 0.936) = 19
+        // finalConservation = Math.round(10 * 0.936) = 9
+        const craftRes = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(
+            lathe,
+            "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY",
+            ["QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK"],
+            0.1,
+            0.5
+        );
+
+        expect(craftRes.success).toBe(true);
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.runicResonancePercent).toBe(34);
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.finalSpellEmpowerPercent).toBe(19);
+        expect(craftRes.glassware?.finalManaConservationPercent).toBe(9);
+    });
+
+    it("handles lathe becoming non-functional after successful craft when durability falls below threshold", () => {
+        const lathe = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("engraver_wear", "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE");
+        lathe.currentDurability = 15;
+        expect(lathe.isFunctional).toBe(true);
+
+        // First craft succeeds: 15 - 10 = 5 (< 10), so isFunctional flips to false
+        const res1 = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(
+            lathe,
+            "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY",
+            ["QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK"],
+            0.1
+        );
+        expect(res1.success).toBe(true);
+        expect(res1.remainingDurability).toBe(5);
+        expect(lathe.isFunctional).toBe(false);
+
+        // Subsequent craft is rejected and returns fallback array
+        const res2 = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(
+            lathe,
+            "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY",
+            ["QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK"]
+        );
+        expect(res2.success).toBe(false);
+        expect(res2.reason).toContain("misaligned or lacks durability");
+        expect(res2.remainingProvidedBlanks.length).toBe(2);
+    });
+
+    it("rejects crafting when insufficient blank is provided and returns provided blanks", () => {
+        const lathe = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("engraver_02", "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE");
+
+        const failRes = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(
+            lathe,
+            "DECANTER_OF_ARCANE_CLARITY",
+            ["LEAD_CRYSTAL_DECANTER_BLANK"]
+        );
+
+        expect(failRes.success).toBe(false);
+        expect(failRes.reason).toContain("Insufficient crystal blank");
+        expect(failRes.remainingProvidedBlanks.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(lathe.currentDurability).toBe(75);
+    });
+
+    it("handles crystal blank fractured failure roll consuming durability and blanks", () => {
+        const lathe = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("engraver_03", "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE"); // 85% success
+
+        const fail = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(
+            lathe,
+            "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY",
+            ["QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK"],
+            0.95
+        );
+
+        expect(fail.success).toBe(false);
+        expect(fail.reason).toContain("fractured");
+        expect(fail.remainingProvidedBlanks?.length).toBe(1); // 3 - 2 = 1 remaining
+        expect(lathe.currentDurability).toBe(65); // 75 - 10
+    });
+
+    it("gates isFunctional in maintainLathe based on DURABILITY_COST_PER_CRAFT threshold", () => {
+        const lathe = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("engraver_04", "CEDAR_GLASS_ENGRAVING_LATHE");
+        lathe.currentDurability = 0;
+        lathe.isFunctional = false;
+
+        // Maintain 5 (below 10 required) -> isFunctional remains false
+        const repLow = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.maintainLathe(lathe, 5);
+        expect(repLow.success).toBe(true);
+        expect(repLow.newDurability).toBe(5);
+        expect(repLow.isFunctional).toBe(false);
+
+        // Maintain 10 more -> 15 (>= 10) -> isFunctional becomes true
+        const repHigh = AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.maintainLathe(lathe, 10);
+        expect(repHigh.success).toBe(true);
+        expect(repHigh.newDurability).toBe(15);
+        expect(repHigh.isFunctional).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it("guards against null inputs and unsupported lathe models", () => {
+        expect(() => AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.constructLathe("e", "PLASTIC_LATHE" as any)).toThrow(
+            "Unsupported engraving lathe type"
+        );
+
+        const invalidLathe: ActiveEngravingLathe = {
+            latheId: "bad",
+            engraverPlayerId: "p",
+            latheType: "LATHE" as any,
+            currentDurability: 50,
+            maxDurability: 50,
+            engravingPower: 10,
+            isFunctional: true,
+        };
+
+        expect(AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(invalidLathe, "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY", ["QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK", "QUARTZ_CRYSTAL_GOBLET_BLANK"]).success).toBe(false);
+        expect(AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.engraveGlassware(null as any, "CHALICE_OF_SOVEREIGN_VITALITY", []).success).toBe(false);
+        expect(AncientRunicGlassEngravingLatheEngine.maintainLathe(null as any).success).toBe(false);
+    });
+});
\ No newline at end of file