diff --git a/mathics/core/util.py b/mathics/core/util.py
index e8c82ea3d..bad2cbe00 100644
--- a/mathics/core/util.py
+++ b/mathics/core/util.py
@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@
 Miscellaneous mathics.core utility functions.
 """
 
+import os
 import sys
 from itertools import chain
 from pathlib import PureWindowsPath
 from platform import python_implementation
+import time
 from typing import Optional
 
 IS_PYPY = python_implementation() == "PyPy"
@@ -113,3 +115,80 @@ def subranges(
                 items[start : start + length],
                 (items[:start], items[start + length :]),
             )
+
+
+def prt_expr_tree(expr, indent=1):
+    """
+    Print a Mathics Expression as an indented tree
+    """
+    if not hasattr(expr, "elements"):
+        print("  " * indent + str(expr))
+    else:
+        print("  " * indent + str(expr.head))
+        for elt in expr.elements:
+            prt_expr_tree(elt, indent + 1)
+
+
+def prt_sympy_tree(expr, indent=""):
+    """
+    Print a SymPy expression as an indented tree
+    """
+    if expr.args:
+        print(f"{indent}{expr.func.__name__}")
+        for i, arg in enumerate(expr.args):
+            prt_sympy_tree(arg, indent + "    ")
+    else:
+        print(f"{indent}{expr.func.__name__}({str(expr)})")
+
+
+class Timer:
+    """
+    Times a block of code. May be be used as a decorator or as a context manager:
+
+        # decorator
+        @Timer(name):
+        def f(...):
+            ...
+
+        # context manager
+        with Timer(name):
+            ...
+
+    Timings are nested (in execution order), and the output prints the nested
+    timings as an "upside-down" indented outline, with an outer level printed after
+    all nested inner levels, supporting both detailed and summary timings.
+    
+    Timing.level controls how deeply nested timings are displayed:
+    -1 all, 0 none, 1 only top level, etc.  Default is 0. Use MATHICS_TIMING
+    environment variable to change.
+    """
+
+    level = int(os.getenv("MATHICS_TIMING", "0"))
+    timers = []
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __call__(self, fun):
+        def timed_fun(*args, **kwargs):
+            with self:
+                return fun(*args, **kwargs)
+        return timed_fun
+
+    def start(name):
+        Timer.timers.append((name, time.time()))
+
+    def stop():
+        name, start = Timer.timers.pop()
+        ms = (time.time() - start) * 1000
+        if Timer.level < 0 or len(Timer.timers) < Timer.level:
+            print(f"{'  '*len(Timer.timers)}{name}: {ms:.1f} ms")
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        if self.name:
+            Timer.start(self.name)
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        if self.name:
+            Timer.stop()
+