New-ReferenceVHDXV2.ps1

[Cmdletbinding()]
Param()  # none as such
 
# Create-ReferenceVHDX.ps1 v2

# Script that creates a reference VHDX for later VM Creation
# Version 1.0.0 - 14 Jan 2013
#   First version released
# Version 1.1.0 - 24 Jan 201
#   Added a check to ensure the VHDX exists and failing if not.
#   Typically this is just an error with the value passed in
#   Also, changed time display to display seconds with just 2 decimal points.\
# Version 1.1.1 21 Feb
#   changed disk size on Reference disk to 128gb.
# Version 5.0 -  Updated for Server 2016
# Version 6.0 - Updated for Server 2019 and rename file and function.
#             - Iso updated to 17733
# Version 6.0.0.1 - Updating for Wiley book
#                 - Updating the Reference ISO to base on 1903
#                 - Added cmdletbinding to get -Verbose at script level
# Note: Does not run in pwsh 6.3 since no out-gridview. MUST test this with early builds of pwsh 7
# Version 7.0 - new for Packt 7.0 book - removed differencing disk. Reference disk now just a master copy
#             - Also used latest Win 2019 Server (aug 2020)


# Define a function to create a reference VHDX. 
Function New-ReferenceVHDX {

  [Cmdletbinding()]
  Param (
    #     ISO of OS
    [string] $Iso = $(Throw 'No ISO specified'),

    # Template VHDX
    [string] $RefBasePath = $(Throw 'No template VHDX specified'),

    #     Path to reference VHD - a bootable vhdx
    [string] $RefVHDXPath = $(Throw 'No Reference disk specified')
  )

  # Get start time
  $StartTime = Get-Date
  Write-Verbose "Beginning at $StartTime"

  # First do some error checking
  If (Test-Path $iso) { Write-Verbose "ISO Path [$iso] exists" }
  Else { Write-Verbose "ISO Path missing - quitting"; Return }

  # Import the DISM module
  Write-Verbose 'Loading DISM module' -Verbose:$false
  Import-Module -Name DISM -Verbose:$False

  # Mount the OS ISO image onto the local machine
  Write-Verbose "Mounting ISO image [$iso]"
  Mount-DiskImage -ImagePath $iso 

  # Get the Volume the Image is mounted to
  Write-Verbose 'Getting disk image of the ISO'
  $ISOImage = Get-DiskImage -ImagePath $ISO | Get-Volume
Write-Verbose "Got disk image [$($ISOImage.DriveLetter)]"

# Get the drive Letter of the drive where the image is mounted
# Add the drive letter separator (:)
$ISODrive = [string]$ISOImage.DriveLetter + ":"
Write-Verbose "OS ISO mounted on drive letter [$ISODrive]"

# Next we will get the installation versions from the install.wim.
# $Indexlist is the index of WIMs on the DVD - display the versions
# available in the DVD and let user select the one to serve as the base
# image - probably DataCentre Full Install
$IndexList = Get-WindowsImage -ImagePath $ISODrive\sources\install.wim
Write-Verbose "$($indexList.count) images found"

# Display the list and return the index
$item = $IndexList | Out-GridView -OutputMode Single
$index = $item.ImageIndex

# Just create it

Write-Verbose "Selected image index [$index]"
Write-Verbose "Image Name: [$($indexlist[$index].Imagename)]"

pause
#  OK - so now we have the iso mounted, and know which index.

# Let's copy the Base reference disk 

C
# Create the VHDX for the reference image
$VMDisk01 = New-VHD –Path $RefVHDXPath -SizeBytes 128GB
Write-Verbose "Created VHDX File [$($vmdisk01.path)]"

# Get the disk number
Mount-DiskImage -ImagePath $RefVHDXPath
$VHDDisk = Get-DiskImage -ImagePath $RefVHDXPath | Get-Disk
$VHDDiskNumber = [string]$VHDDisk.Number
Write-Verbose "Reference image is on disk number [$VhddiskNumber]"

# Create a New Partition on this disk
# This block may throw a dialog box which you can just cancel!
Initialize-Disk -Number $VHDDiskNumber -PartitionStyle MBR
$VHDDrive = New-Partition -DiskNumber $VHDDiskNumber `
  -AssignDriveLetter -UseMaximumSize  -IsActive |
  Format-Volume -Confirm:$false

$VHDVolume = [string]$VHDDrive.DriveLetter + ":"
Write-Verbose "VHD drive [$vhddrive], Vhd volume [$vhdvolume]"

# Execute DISM to apply image to reference disk
Write-Verbose 'Using DISM to apply image to the volume'
Write-Verbose "Started at [$(Get-Date)]"
Write-Verbose 'THIS WILL TAKE SOME TIME!'
Dism.exe /apply-Image /ImageFile:$ISODrive\Sources\install.wim /index:$Index /ApplyDir:$VHDVolume\
Write-Verbose "Finished at [$(Get-Date)]"

# Execute BCDBoot so volume will boot
Write-Verbose 'Setting BCDBoot'
BCDBoot.exe $VHDVolume\Windows /s $VHDVolume /f BIOS

# Dismount the Images
Write-Verbose "Dismounting ISO and new disk"
Dismount-DiskImage -ImagePath $ISO
Dismount-DiskImage -ImagePath $RefVHDXPath

Write-Verbose "Created Reference Disk [$RefVHDXPath]"
Get-ChildItem $RefVHDXPath

$FinishTime = Get-Date
$TT = $FinishTime - $StartTime
Write-Verbose  "Finishing at $FinishTime"
Write-verbose  "Creating base image took [$($TT.totalminutes.tostring('n2'))] minutes"
}  # End of Create-ReferenceVHDX

################################################################################################################
#       CHECK THESE PATHS ===== CHECK THESE PATHS ===== CHECK THESE PATHS ===== CHECK THESE PATHS              #

#    Path to Server 2022 DVD                                                                                      
$ISO = 'C:\builds\en-us_windows_server_2022_x64_dvd_620d7eac.iso'

#    Path to the reference VDHX is to go     
$RefVhdxPath = 'C:\V9\Ref2022v2.vhdx'

#    Path of base disk
$RefBasePath = 'C:\V9\Base.vhdx'

#       CHECK THESE PATHS ===== CHECK THESE PATHS ===== CHECK THESE PATHS ===== CHECK THESE PATHS               #
#################################################################################################################
# But just to be safe:
"Checking prereqs"
If (! (Test-Path $iso)) { "Product ISO [$iso] not found"; return } 
Else { "Product ISO [$iso] is found!" }

If (! (Test-Path $RefBasePath)) { "Template VHDX [$RefBasePath] not found"; return } 
Else { "Template VHDX [$RefBasePath] is found!" }

if (Test-path $RefVhdxPath) { "Reference disk already exists"; return } 
Else {"Reference disk not found - to be created now [$RefVhdxPath]"}

# Ok now do the creation of the reference Hard Disk

New-ReferenceVHDX -iso $Iso -RefVHDXPath $RefVhdxPath  -Verbose