diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index d5e6c4cf2..b55b80f3f 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ Other guiding principles:
 ### Changed
 
 - **amaru-ledger**: validate voters in a transaction actually exist in ledger state. ([#1138][], [#923][])
+- **amaru-ledger**: validate the governance actions a transaction votes on actually exist, counting proposals submitted earlier in the same block. ([#1139][], [#924][])
 
 ### Fixed
 
@@ -275,6 +276,7 @@ Other guiding principles:
 [#912]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/912
 [#915]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/915
 [#923]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/923
+[#924]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/924
 [#928]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/928
 [#929]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/929
 [#932]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/issues/932
@@ -330,3 +332,4 @@ Other guiding principles:
 [#1109]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/pull/1109
 [#1118]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/pull/1118
 [#1138]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/pull/1138
+[#1139]: https://github.com/pragma-org/amaru/pull/1139
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/fixture.rs b/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/fixture.rs
index 5dabd2c54..4cadead14 100644
--- a/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/fixture.rs
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/fixture.rs
@@ -239,6 +239,7 @@ pub(super) enum Predicate {
     ConwayTxRefScriptsSizeTooBig,
     ConwayWdrlNotDelegatedToDRep,
     FeeTooSmallUTxO,
+    GovActionsDoNotExist,
     IncorrectDepositDELEG,
     IncorrectTotalCollateralField,
     ConwayTreasuryValueMismatch,
@@ -342,6 +343,9 @@ impl From<PhaseOneError> for Predicate {
             PhaseOneError::VotingProcedures(InvalidVotingProcedures::VotersDoNotExist(_)) => {
                 Predicate::VotersDoNotExist
             }
+            PhaseOneError::VotingProcedures(InvalidVotingProcedures::GovActionsDoNotExist(_)) => {
+                Predicate::GovActionsDoNotExist
+            }
             PhaseOneError::ValueNotPreserved(_) => Predicate::ValueNotConservedUTxO,
             PhaseOneError::Certificates(InvalidCertificates::StakeCredentialInvalidPoolDelegation(ref e)) => match e {
                 DelegateError::UnknownSource(_) => Predicate::StakeCredentialInvalidPoolDelegation,
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/voting_procedures.rs b/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/voting_procedures.rs
index 69022ed53..5a47342e7 100644
--- a/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/voting_procedures.rs
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/src/rules/transaction/phase_one/voting_procedures.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ use crate::context::{CommitteeSlice, DRepsSlice, PoolsSlice, ProposalsSlice, Wit
 pub enum InvalidVotingProcedures {
     #[error("voters do not exist: {0:?}")]
     VotersDoNotExist(BTreeSet<Voter>),
+
+    #[error("governance actions do not exist: {0:?}")]
+    GovActionsDoNotExist(BTreeSet<ProposalId>),
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn execute<C>(
@@ -38,13 +41,29 @@ where
     if let Some(voting_procedures) = voting_procedures {
         let voting_procedures = voting_procedures.into_iter().collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>();
 
-        let unknown_voters =
-            voting_procedures.keys().filter(|voter| !exists(context, voter)).cloned().collect::<BTreeSet<_>>();
+        let mut unknown_voters = BTreeSet::new();
+        let mut unknown_proposals = BTreeSet::new();
+
+        for (voter, votes) in voting_procedures.iter() {
+            if !exists(context, voter) {
+                unknown_voters.insert(voter.clone());
+            }
+
+            for (proposal_id, _) in votes.iter() {
+                if !ProposalsSlice::exists(context, proposal_id) {
+                    unknown_proposals.insert(*proposal_id);
+                }
+            }
+        }
 
         if !unknown_voters.is_empty() {
             return Err(InvalidVotingProcedures::VotersDoNotExist(unknown_voters));
         }
 
+        if !unknown_proposals.is_empty() {
+            return Err(InvalidVotingProcedures::GovActionsDoNotExist(unknown_proposals));
+        }
+
         voting_procedures.into_iter().enumerate().for_each(|(index, (voter, votes))| {
             match voter.owner() {
                 StakeCredential::ScriptHash(hash) => {
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/0.json b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/0.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bc45f9ec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/0.json
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+{
+  "title": "vote cast on a governance action absent from the proposals state",
+  "description": "A registered DRep naming a proposal id that no proposal in state carries.",
+  "network": "preprod",
+  "eraHistory": {
+    "$ref": "common/eraHistory/preprod-conway.json"
+  },
+  "protocolParameters": {
+    "$ref": "common/protocolParameters/preprod-conway-v10.json"
+  },
+  "initialState": {
+    "utxo": [
+      {
+        "input": "8258207ae12fe7076ec75319e0ecac782bcb6d828bb6a4baa49eada7116b47a80d449200",
+        "output": "a200581d6093c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8011a004c4b40"
+      }
+    ],
+    "pools": [],
+    "accounts": [],
+    "dreps": [
+      {
+        "credential": "8200581c93c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8",
+        "deposit": 500000000,
+        "registeredAt": {
+          "transaction": {
+            "slot": 0,
+            "transactionIndex": 0
+          },
+          "certificateIndex": 0
+        },
+        "validUntil": 1000
+      }
+    ],
+    "committee": [],
+    "proposals": [
+      "8258207e2b9d5f1a3c7e5b9d1f3a5c7e9b1d3f5a7c9e1b3d5f7a9c1e3b5d7f9a1c3e5b00"
+    ],
+    "governanceActivity": {
+      "consecutiveDormantEpochs": 0
+    }
+  },
+  "point": {
+    "slot": 0,
+    "transactionIndex": 0
+  },
+  "transaction": "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",
+  "expected": {
+    "predicate": "GovActionsDoNotExist"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/1.json b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/1.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d61246703
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+{
+  "title": "vote cast on a governance action whose index does not match any proposal",
+  "description": "A proposal id sharing the seeded proposal's transaction id but naming a different action index.",
+  "network": "preprod",
+  "eraHistory": {
+    "$ref": "common/eraHistory/preprod-conway.json"
+  },
+  "protocolParameters": {
+    "$ref": "common/protocolParameters/preprod-conway-v10.json"
+  },
+  "initialState": {
+    "utxo": [
+      {
+        "input": "825820c25d414957cf674b477d9bec7c295a653f02aee955828f9ebec7a4ece7891f2900",
+        "output": "a200581d6093c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8011a004c4b40"
+      }
+    ],
+    "pools": ["93c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8"],
+    "accounts": [],
+    "dreps": [],
+    "committee": [],
+    "proposals": [
+      "8258207e2b9d5f1a3c7e5b9d1f3a5c7e9b1d3f5a7c9e1b3d5f7a9c1e3b5d7f9a1c3e5b00"
+    ],
+    "governanceActivity": {
+      "consecutiveDormantEpochs": 0
+    }
+  },
+  "point": {
+    "slot": 0,
+    "transactionIndex": 0
+  },
+  "transaction": "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",
+  "expected": {
+    "predicate": "GovActionsDoNotExist"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/2.json b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/2.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0b7c45435
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/2.json
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "title": "vote cast by a committee member on a governance action that does not exist",
+  "description": "An authorized committee hot key naming an absent proposal id.",
+  "network": "preprod",
+  "eraHistory": {
+    "$ref": "common/eraHistory/preprod-conway.json"
+  },
+  "protocolParameters": {
+    "$ref": "common/protocolParameters/preprod-conway-v10.json"
+  },
+  "initialState": {
+    "utxo": [
+      {
+        "input": "82582033e3dfb56c093ef6a5e0a85e186f6c4cba64004d1c21d06d868e1168672b9cdc00",
+        "output": "a200581d6093c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8011a004c4b40"
+      }
+    ],
+    "pools": [],
+    "accounts": [],
+    "dreps": [],
+    "committee": [
+      {
+        "coldCredential": "8200581cecc3093b061a9ed426cd9956161fc48d4ed1ac58dc4aaed7e1ce1830",
+        "hotCredential": "8200581c93c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8",
+        "validUntil": 200
+      }
+    ],
+    "proposals": [
+      "8258207e2b9d5f1a3c7e5b9d1f3a5c7e9b1d3f5a7c9e1b3d5f7a9c1e3b5d7f9a1c3e5b00"
+    ],
+    "governanceActivity": {
+      "consecutiveDormantEpochs": 0
+    }
+  },
+  "point": {
+    "slot": 0,
+    "transactionIndex": 0
+  },
+  "transaction": "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",
+  "expected": {
+    "predicate": "GovActionsDoNotExist"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/3.json b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/3.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b1a037acd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/phase-one/fail/GovActionsDoNotExist/3.json
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+{
+  "title": "vote cast on two governance actions of which only one exists",
+  "description": "A single voter casting one ballot on the seeded proposal and one on an absent id.",
+  "network": "preprod",
+  "eraHistory": {
+    "$ref": "common/eraHistory/preprod-conway.json"
+  },
+  "protocolParameters": {
+    "$ref": "common/protocolParameters/preprod-conway-v10.json"
+  },
+  "initialState": {
+    "utxo": [
+      {
+        "input": "8258202b648a1f906db52cc04eac0a58116b1ed17c7bacab29a2f592d325b12281cafc00",
+        "output": "a200581d6093c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8011a004c4b40"
+      }
+    ],
+    "pools": [],
+    "accounts": [],
+    "dreps": [
+      {
+        "credential": "8200581c93c191b1094746961f6f00fba27f3d8eff6a66490baf806d4e179fd8",
+        "deposit": 500000000,
+        "registeredAt": {
+          "transaction": {
+            "slot": 0,
+            "transactionIndex": 0
+          },
+          "certificateIndex": 0
+        },
+        "validUntil": 1000
+      }
+    ],
+    "committee": [],
+    "proposals": [
+      "8258207e2b9d5f1a3c7e5b9d1f3a5c7e9b1d3f5a7c9e1b3d5f7a9c1e3b5d7f9a1c3e5b00"
+    ],
+    "governanceActivity": {
+      "consecutiveDormantEpochs": 0
+    }
+  },
+  "point": {
+    "slot": 0,
+    "transactionIndex": 0
+  },
+  "transaction": "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",
+  "expected": {
+    "predicate": "GovActionsDoNotExist"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/rules-conformance.failures.toml b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/rules-conformance.failures.toml
index e10761b83..ae7ab4e55 100644
--- a/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/rules-conformance.failures.toml
+++ b/crates/amaru-ledger/tests/data/rules-conformance.failures.toml
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 # PassEpoch event that this harness skips, so the empty prev-gov-action-id can't be rejected here.
 "conway/fail-gov-empty-prevgovid-after-the-first-constitution-was-enacted/0" = "Expected failure, got success"
 "conway/fail-gov-expired-gov-actions/0" = "Expected failure, got success"
-"conway/fail-gov-non-existent-gov-actions/0" = "Expected failure, got success"
 "conway/fail-gov-policy-is-respected-by-proposals/0" = "Expected failure, got success"
 "conway/fail-govcert-resigning-a-non-cc-key/0" = "Expected failure, got success"
 "conway/fail-utxos-alwaysfails-plutus-govpolicy-does-not-validate/0" = "Expected failure, got success"