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78 changes: 78 additions & 0 deletions docs/arbitrum-essentials/reference/solidity-references.mdx
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---
title: 'Solidity references'
description: 'Discover references/resources to learn and progress as a Solidity developer. Tutorials/guides/references.'
user_story: 'As a web2 or web3 developer, I want to learn more about Solidity.'
content_type: reference
author: pete-vielhaber
---

Solidity is the dominant high-level, statically typed, object-oriented language for writing smart contracts that run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and EVM-compatible chains (including Layer 2s like Arbitrum). It powers the vast majority of DeFi, NFTs, DAOs, and other onchain applications.

## Official documentation

These are the authoritative, always-current references.

- [Solidity documentation](https://docs.soliditylang.org/): The single most important resource. Two sections are must reads:
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- Solidity by Example
- Security Considerations
- [Solidity Language Portal](https://www.soliditylang.org/): Overview, translations, links to the compiler/repo.
- [Ethereum.org developer docs](https://ethereum.org/developers/docs/): Smart contracts, EVM, testing, compiling, security, and the full stack. Excellent companion to the Solidity docs.
- [Official GitHub Repository](https://github.com/ethereum/solidity): Compiler source, issues, releases, and vulnerability reporting.
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## Learning paths and courses

The ecosystem moves fast; high-quality, free project-based courses outperform most books (which are slow to market).

- [Cyfrin Updraft (Patrick Collins)](https://updraft.cyfrin.io/): Beginner-to-advanced, heavily project-based, uses Foundry from the start. Includes security/auditing tracks.
- [RareSkills Ultimate Solidity Course](https://rareskills.io/learn-solidity): In-depth, trusted by security experts and auditors. Strong on real-world patterns and protocol walkthroughs.
- [CryptoZombies](https://cryptozombies.io/): Classic interactive game-based introduction. A little outdated, but still excellent for absolute beginners to learn syntax and basic patterns quickly.
- [Alchemy University](https://www.alchemy.com/university/courses/solidity): Online education platform for blockchain and Web3 development courses.
- [Risein](https://www.risein.com/#open-programs): Online education for blockchain and Web3 development courses.
- [HackQuest](https://www.hackquest.io/learning-track/Ethereum): Ethereum development.
- [Stylus course](https://www.hackquest.io/learning-track/Arbitrum)
- [LearnWeb3](https://learnweb3.io/degrees/ethereum-developer-degree/): Ethereum specific developer learning.
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- [Stylus course](https://learnweb3.io/courses/arbitrum-stylus-course/)
- [Ethernaut](https://ethernaut.openzeppelin.com/): Interactive smart contract hacking game.

**Paid courses**

- [Metana](https://metana.io/web3-solidity-bootcamp-ethereum-blockchain/)

## Development frameworks and tooling

- [Foundry (Rust-based)](https://getfoundry.sh/): Excellent fuzzing, mainnet forking, and cheat codes. Preferred by security researchers and DeFi protocols.
- [Hardhat](https://hardhat.org/): JavaScript/TypeScript-first. Hardhat 3 brings a Rust-powered runtime for big performance gains. Outstanding stack traces, console.log in Solidity, vast plugin ecosystem (verification, gas reporter, etc.). Great for teams with frontend/web devs.
- [Remix IDE (browser-based)](https://remix.ethereum.org/): Zero-setup prototyping, debugging, and deployment. Perfect for quickstarts and learning.

**Other tools**: VS Code + Solidity extensions, Slither (static analysis, integrates with Foundry), Etherscan/Blockscout for verification.

## Security best practices and auditing

Security is non-negotiable—most exploits stem from reentrancy, access control, integer issues, oracle problems, or upgrade logic.

#### Core resources
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- [Solidity Docs](https://docs.soliditylang.org/) → Security Considerations section.
- [ConsenSys Diligence Smart Contract Best Practices](https://consensysdiligence.github.io/smart-contract-best-practices/)
- [OWASP Smart Contract Top 10](https://owasp.org/www-project-smart-contract-top-10/)
- [OpenZeppelin Ethernaut](https://ethernaut.openzeppelin.com/)
- [Trail of Bits “Building Secure Contracts” GitHub repo](https://github.com/crytic/building-secure-contracts)
- [Cyfrin Updraft Security & Auditing track](https://updraft.cyfrin.io/courses/security)

#### Libraries and standards
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- [OpenZeppelin Contracts](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/5.x/): The gold standard for ERC-20/721/1155, access control (Ownable, Roles), upgradeable proxies (UUPS/Transparent), pausability, etc. Always audit your usage and prefer their implementations over custom code. [OpenZeppelin GitHub repo](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts).

## Community, forums, ongoing learning

- [Ethereum Stack Exchange](https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/): Best for technical Q&A
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- [awesome-solidity GitHub repo](https://github.com/bkrem/awesome-solidity): Curated list of repos, tools, and examples
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## GitHub repositories worth studying

- [Official compiler](https://github.com/argotorg/solidity) and [examples](https://github.com/ethereum/solidity-examples)
- [OpenZeppelin](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin)/[openzeppelin-contracts](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts) (read every line eventually).
- [foundry-rs](https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry)/[forge-std](https://github.com/foundry-rs/forge-std)
- [NomicFoundation/hardhat](https://github.com/NomicFoundation/hardhat)
- [ethereum/EIPs](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs) (track changes affecting the EVM/Solidity).
- Protocol repos (Uniswap, Aave, etc.) for real-world patterns.
15 changes: 1 addition & 14 deletions docs/build-decentralized-apps/01-quickstart-solidity-remix.mdx
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## Learning resources

| Resource | Description |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [Official Solidity documentation](https://soliditylang.org) | Official documentation for Solidity programming language |
| [Solidity by example](https://solidity-by-example.org) | Learn Solidity patterns via a series of classic examples |
| [Upgrading Ethereum (e-book)](https://eth2book.info/altair) | Guide on upgrading Ethereum |
| [Ethernaut](https://ethernaut.openzeppelin.com) | Interactive smart contract hacking game |
| [RareSkills](https://www.rareskills.io/rust-bootcamp) | Rust programming course for blockchain development |
| [CryptoZombies](https://cryptozombies.io/en/course/) | Free online smart contract courses and tutorials |
| [LearnWeb3](https://learnweb3.io) | Web3 education platform with interactive lessons and projects |
| [HackQuest](https://www.hackquest.io/en) | Web3 hackathon and project-based learning platform |
| [Rise In](https://www.risein.com/bootcamps/solidity-bootcamp) | Solidity bootcamp for beginners |
| [Encode Club](https://www.encode.club) | Community-driven coding club with a focus on Web3 development |
| [Metana](https://metana.io) | Metana is not mentioned in the resources, please provide more information about this resource. |
| [Alchemy University](https://www.alchemy.com/university) | Online education platform for blockchain and Web3 development courses |
For a list of learning resources, repositories, and useful information regarding Solidity—see the [Solidity references](/arbitrum-essentials/reference/solidity-references.mdx) page.
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[^1]: The vending machine example was inspired by [Ethereum.org's "Introduction to Smart Contracts"](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/smart-contracts/), which was inspired by [Nick Szabo's "From vending machines to smart contracts"](http://unenumerated.blogspot.com/2006/12/from-vending-machines-to-smart.html).
[^2]: Although application front-ends are usually hosted by centralized services, smart contracts allow the underlying logic and data to be partially or fully decentralized. These smart contracts are hosted and executed by Ethereum's public, decentralized network of nodes. Arbitrum has its own network of nodes that use advanced cryptography techniques to "batch process" Ethereum transactions and then submit them to the Ethereum parent chain, which significantly reduces the cost of using Ethereum. All without requiring developers to compromise on security or decentralization.
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{
type: 'doc',
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