Fix federal disability gates disconnected from their legal definitions

changelog.d/fix-disability-input-disconnects.fixed.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Align federal disability gates with their governing legal definitions:
+- SNAP elderly or disabled member (7 CFR 271.2): qualify by SSI receipt rather than the SSI disability criteria flag.
+- SNAP work requirement, work registration, ABAWD, and student rules: recognize disability benefit receipt as unfitness for employment.
+- SSI student earned income exclusion: use the SSI disability test rather than the generic disability flag.
+- Medicaid work requirement and home equity family exception: recognize the Section 1614 SSI disability definition.
+- HUD person-with-disabilities status: recognize the SSI and SSDI disability paths.

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/usda/disabled_programs.yaml

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
-description: Program participation that qualify individuals as disabled under USDA rules
+description: Benefit receipt that qualifies individuals as elderly or disabled members under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
 
 values:
   2021-01-01:
-    - is_ssi_disabled
+    # 7 CFR 271.2 defines "elderly or disabled member" by benefit receipt
+    # ("receives supplemental security income benefits ... or disability or
+    # blindness payments"), not by meeting the disability criteria alone.
+    # Amount entries (ssi, social_security_disability) count when positive.
+    - receives_ssi
+    - ssi
     - social_security_disability
     - is_permanently_disabled_veteran
     - is_surviving_spouse_of_disabled_veteran
@@ -12,3 +17,5 @@ metadata:
   reference:
     - title: "SNAP Special Rules for the Elderly or Disabled"
       href: https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/eligibility/elderly-disabled-special-rules#Who%20is%20elderly?
+    - title: 7 CFR 271.2 (definition of elderly or disabled member)
+      href: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/7/271.2

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/hhs/medicaid/eligibility/is_medicaid_long_term_care_home_equity_eligible.yaml

@@ -295,3 +295,63 @@
     home_equity: 1_217_001
   output:
     is_medicaid_long_term_care_home_equity_eligible: false
+
+- name: Case 19, resident adult child meeting the section 1614 SSI disability test triggers the family exception.
+  period: 2028
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        age: 65
+        receives_medicaid_long_term_care_services: true
+        home_equity: 1_000_001
+      person2:
+        age: 30
+        is_disabled: false
+        is_ssi_disabled: true
+        is_related_to_head_or_spouse: true
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit1:
+        members: [person1]
+      tax_unit2:
+        members: [person2]
+    households:
+      household:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+    marital_units:
+      marital_unit1:
+        members: [person1]
+      marital_unit2:
+        members: [person2]
+  output:
+    medicaid_home_equity_limit_family_exception: [true, false]
+    is_medicaid_long_term_care_home_equity_eligible: [true, true]
+
+- name: Case 20, resident adult child not meeting the SSI disability test does not trigger the family exception.
+  period: 2028
+  input:
+    people:
+      person1:
+        age: 65
+        receives_medicaid_long_term_care_services: true
+        home_equity: 1_000_001
+      person2:
+        age: 30
+        is_disabled: false
+        is_ssi_disabled: false
+        is_related_to_head_or_spouse: true
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit1:
+        members: [person1]
+      tax_unit2:
+        members: [person2]
+    households:
+      household:
+        members: [person1, person2]
+    marital_units:
+      marital_unit1:
+        members: [person1]
+      marital_unit2:
+        members: [person2]
+  output:
+    medicaid_home_equity_limit_family_exception: [false, false]
+    is_medicaid_long_term_care_home_equity_eligible: [false, true]

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/hhs/medicaid/eligibility/medicaid_work_requirement_eligible.yaml

@@ -401,3 +401,14 @@
     medicaid_community_engagement_pass_through_eligible: false
   output:
     medicaid_work_requirement_eligible: false
+
+- name: Case 41, meeting the section 1614 SSI disability test exempts without the generic disability flag.
+  period: 2027
+  input:
+    age: 30
+    monthly_hours_worked: 0
+    is_disabled: false
+    is_ssi_disabled: true
+    medicaid_community_engagement_pass_through_eligible: false
+  output:
+    medicaid_work_requirement_eligible: true

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/hud/is_hud_dependent.yaml

@@ -127,3 +127,69 @@
     # Both are disabled adults filing separately; only the oldest is
     # excluded as the family head, so the younger one is a dependent.
     is_hud_dependent: [false, true]
+
+- name: A non-head adult meeting the SSI disability test is a HUD dependent (42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(3)(E)).
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    people:
+      head:
+        age: 45
+        is_household_head: true
+      person:
+        age: 40
+        is_disabled: false
+        is_ssi_disabled: true
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit1:
+        members: [head]
+      tax_unit2:
+        members: [person]
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [head, person]
+  output:
+    is_hud_dependent: [false, true]
+
+- name: A non-head adult receiving SSDI is a HUD dependent (42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(3)(E)).
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    people:
+      head:
+        age: 45
+        is_household_head: true
+      person:
+        age: 40
+        is_disabled: false
+        social_security_disability: 12_000
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit1:
+        members: [head]
+      tax_unit2:
+        members: [person]
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [head, person]
+  output:
+    is_hud_dependent: [false, true]
+
+- name: A non-head adult with zero SSDI and no other disability status is not a HUD dependent.
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    people:
+      head:
+        age: 45
+        is_household_head: true
+      person:
+        age: 40
+        is_disabled: false
+        social_security_disability: 0
+    tax_units:
+      tax_unit1:
+        members: [head]
+      tax_unit2:
+        members: [person]
+    spm_units:
+      spm_unit:
+        members: [head, person]
+  output:
+    is_hud_dependent: [false, false]

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/hud/is_hud_elderly_disabled.yaml

@@ -63,3 +63,32 @@
         members: [parent, dependent]
   output:
     is_hud_elderly_disabled_family: false
+
+# 42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)(3)(E): the SSA disability standard qualifies alongside
+# the generic disability flag.
+- name: A one-person non-elderly family meeting the SSI disability test.
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    age: 48
+    is_disabled: false
+    is_ssi_disabled: true
+  output:
+    is_hud_elderly_disabled_family: true
+
+- name: A one-person non-elderly family receiving SSDI.
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    age: 48
+    is_disabled: false
+    social_security_disability: 12_000
+  output:
+    is_hud_elderly_disabled_family: true
+
+- name: A one-person non-elderly family with zero SSDI and no other disability status.
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    age: 48
+    is_disabled: false
+    social_security_disability: 0
+  output:
+    is_hud_elderly_disabled_family: false

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/ssa/ssi/eligibility/income/is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 - name: Not demographic eligible nor student eligible
-  period: 1974
+  period: 1975
   input:
     is_blind: true
     is_disabled: false
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible: false
 
 - name: Demographic eligible but not student eligible
-  period: 1974
+  period: 1975
   input:
     is_blind: true
     is_disabled: false
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible: false
 
 - name: Student eligible but not demographic eligible
-  period: 1974
+  period: 1975
   input:
     is_blind: false
     is_disabled: false
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible: false
 
 - name: Eligible
-  period: 1974
+  period: 1975
   input:
     is_blind: false
     is_disabled: true
@@ -38,3 +38,27 @@
     is_full_time_student: true
   output:
     is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible: true
+
+- name: Eligible student earning above the SGA threshold keeps the exclusion
+  period: 2026
+  input:
+    is_blind: false
+    is_disabled: false
+    meets_ssi_disability_criteria: true
+    employment_income: 30_000
+    age: 20
+    is_full_time_student: true
+  output:
+    is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible: true
+
+- name: Non-disabled student earning above the SGA threshold never qualifies
+  period: 2026
+  input:
+    is_blind: false
+    is_disabled: false
+    meets_ssi_disability_criteria: false
+    employment_income: 30_000
+    age: 20
+    is_full_time_student: true
+  output:
+    is_ssi_blind_or_disabled_working_student_exclusion_eligible: false

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/is_usda_disabled.yaml

@@ -1,20 +1,69 @@
-- name: People without any disability flags are not USDA disabled
+# 7 CFR 271.2 "elderly or disabled member" item (2): the person must
+# *receive* SSI (any category) or disability/blindness payments. Meeting the
+# SSI disability criteria without receiving SSI does not qualify.
+
+- name: Case 1, people without any disability flags are not USDA disabled.
   period: 2021
   input:
     age: 30
   output:
     is_usda_disabled: false
 
-- name: SSI disabled people are USDA disabled
+- name: Case 2, reported SSI receipt qualifies.
   period: 2021
   input:
+    age: 30
+    receives_ssi: true
+  output:
+    is_usda_disabled: true
+
+- name: Case 3, a reported SSI amount supplied as the ssi input qualifies.
+  period: 2021
+  input:
+    age: 30
+    ssi: 6_000
+  output:
+    is_usda_disabled: true
+
+- name: Case 4, modeled SSI receipt by a person meeting the SSI disability test qualifies.
+  period: 2021
+  input:
+    age: 30
     is_ssi_disabled: true
+    employment_income: 0
   output:
     is_usda_disabled: true
 
-- name: People receiving SSDI are USDA disabled
+- name: Case 5, meeting the SSI disability test without receiving SSI does not qualify.
   period: 2021
   input:
+    age: 30
+    is_ssi_disabled: true
+    employment_income: 100_000
+  output:
+    ssi: 0
+    is_usda_disabled: false
+
+- name: Case 6, blind SSI recipients qualify.
+  period: 2021
+  input:
+    age: 30
+    is_blind: true
+  output:
+    is_usda_disabled: true
+
+- name: Case 7, aged SSI recipients qualify through SSI receipt and are also USDA elderly.
+  period: 2021
+  input:
+    age: 66
+  output:
+    is_usda_disabled: true
+    is_usda_elderly: true
+
+- name: Case 8, people receiving SSDI are USDA disabled.
+  period: 2021
+  input:
+    age: 30
     social_security_disability: 100
   output:
     is_usda_disabled: true

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/student/is_snap_ineligible_student.yaml

@@ -282,3 +282,27 @@
         state_code: MO
   output:
     is_snap_ineligible_student: [false, true, false]
+
+- name: Case 18, college student receiving SSDI meets the disability exception without the generic disability flag.
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    is_full_time_college_student: true
+    age: 25
+    is_disabled: false
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr: 0
+    is_parent: false
+    social_security_disability: 12_000
+  output:
+    is_snap_ineligible_student: false
+
+- name: Case 19, college student reported to receive SSI meets the disability exception without the generic disability flag.
+  period: 2022
+  input:
+    is_full_time_college_student: true
+    age: 25
+    is_disabled: false
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr: 0
+    is_parent: false
+    receives_ssi: true
+  output:
+    is_snap_ineligible_student: false

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/student/meets_snap_non_parent_student_exception.yaml

@@ -48,3 +48,25 @@
     tanf_person: 500
   output:
     meets_snap_non_parent_student_exception: true
+
+- name: Student receiving SSDI meets the disability exception without the generic disability flag
+  period: 2024
+  input:
+    is_full_time_college_student: true
+    age: 25
+    is_disabled: false
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr: 0
+    social_security_disability: 12_000
+  output:
+    meets_snap_non_parent_student_exception: true
+
+- name: Student reported to receive SSI meets the disability exception without the generic disability flag
+  period: 2024
+  input:
+    is_full_time_college_student: true
+    age: 25
+    is_disabled: false
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr: 0
+    receives_ssi: true
+  output:
+    meets_snap_non_parent_student_exception: true