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27 changes: 27 additions & 0 deletions docs/tutorials/projected-quantum-kernels.ipynb
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Expand Up @@ -23,6 +23,21 @@
"\n",
"*Usage estimate: 80 minutes on a Heron r3 processor (NOTE: This is an estimate only. Your runtime might vary.)*\n",
"\n",
"## Learning outcomes\n",
"\n",
"After going through this tutorial, users should understand:\n",
"- How projected quantum kernels (PQK) work and when they offer a potential quantum advantage.\n",
"- How to run a PQK on hardware using a real-world dataset.\n",
"\n",
"## Prerequisites\n",
"\n",
"We suggest that users are familiar with the following topics before going through this tutorial:\n",
"- [quantum kernels](https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/learning/en/courses/quantum-machine-learning/quantum-kernel-methods) from the quantum machine learning course on the IBM Quantum Learning Platform\n",
"\n",
"## Background\n",
"\n",
"*Usage estimate: 80 minutes on a Heron r3 processor (NOTE: This is an estimate only. Your runtime might vary.)*\n",
"\n",
"In this tutorial, we demonstrate how to run a [projected quantum kernel](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-22539-9) (PQK) with Qiskit on a real-world biological dataset, based on the paper [Enhanced Prediction of CAR T-Cell Cytotoxicity with Quantum-Kernel Methods](https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22710) [[1]](#references).\n",
"\n",
"PQK is a method used in quantum machine learning (QML) to encode classical data into a quantum feature space and project them back into the classical domain, by using quantum computers to enhance feature selection. It involves encoding classical data into quantum states using a quantum circuit, typically through a process called feature mapping, where the data is transformed into a high-dimensional Hilbert space. The \"projected\" aspect refers to extracting classical information from the quantum states, by measuring specific observables, to construct a kernel matrix that can be used in classical kernel-based algorithms like support vector machines. This approach leverages the computational advantages of quantum systems to potentially achieve better performance on certain tasks compared to classical methods.\n",
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"print(f\"Quantum model complexity is {s_q:.4f}\")"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "32606150-5820-44f3-a669-920712792350",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Next steps\n",
"\n",
"If you found this work interesting, you might be interested in the following material:\n",
"- In-depth [quantum machine learning course](https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/learning/en/courses/quantum-machine-learning) from IBM Quantum Learning Platform\n",
"- [Quantum kernel training](https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/docs/en/tutorials/quantum-kernel-training) tutorial"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "f082899c-b763-4df0-a81c-5efb3ca43451",
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