[java][bidi] Handle user prompts during BiDi navigation

java/src/org/openqa/selenium/bidi/browsingcontext/BrowsingContext.java

@@ -200,6 +200,13 @@ public NavigationResult reload(ReadinessState readinessState) {
             RELOAD, Map.of(CONTEXT, id, "wait", readinessState.toString()), navigationInfoMapper));
   }
 
+  public NavigationResult reload(ReadinessState readinessState, Duration timeout) {
+    return this.bidi.send(
+        new Command<>(
+            RELOAD, Map.of(CONTEXT, id, "wait", readinessState.toString()), navigationInfoMapper),
+        timeout);
+  }
+
   // Yet to be implemented by browser vendors
   private NavigationResult reload(boolean ignoreCache, ReadinessState readinessState) {
     return this.bidi.send(

java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/BUILD.bazel

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ java_library(
     deps = [
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/bidi",
+        "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/bidi/browsingcontext",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/bidi/log",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/bidi/module",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/bidi/network",

java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/RemoteWebDriver.java

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.StringReader;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import java.util.logging.Level;
 import java.util.logging.Logger;
@@ -65,19 +67,27 @@
 import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchFrameException;
 import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException;
 import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
+import org.openqa.selenium.PageLoadStrategy;
 import org.openqa.selenium.Pdf;
 import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
 import org.openqa.selenium.Point;
 import org.openqa.selenium.PrintsPage;
 import org.openqa.selenium.SearchContext;
 import org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException;
 import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
+import org.openqa.selenium.UnexpectedAlertBehaviour;
 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;
 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
 import org.openqa.selenium.WindowType;
 import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.BiDi;
+import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.Event;
 import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.HasBiDi;
+import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.browsingcontext.BrowsingContext;
+import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.browsingcontext.ReadinessState;
+import org.openqa.selenium.bidi.browsingcontext.UserPromptOpened;
+import org.openqa.selenium.json.Json;
+import org.openqa.selenium.json.JsonInput;
 import org.openqa.selenium.devtools.DevTools;
 import org.openqa.selenium.devtools.HasDevTools;
 import org.openqa.selenium.federatedcredentialmanagement.FederatedCredentialManagementDialog;
@@ -141,6 +151,18 @@ public class RemoteWebDriver
 
   private Logs remoteLogs;
 
+  // Cached page-load timeout used by BiDi navigation. Null until set by the user via
+  // pageLoadTimeout() or lazily populated from the session's GET_TIMEOUTS response.
+  private volatile Duration biDiPageLoadTimeout = null;
+
+  // Set to true once the one-time browsingContext.userPromptOpened listener is installed.
+  // Sending session.subscribe once is sufficient; subsequent navigations reuse it.
+  private final AtomicBoolean biDiPromptListenerInstalled = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+
+  // Non-null only while a BiDi navigation is in progress. The prompt handler uses this to
+  // ignore events that arrive outside of a navigation (e.g., user-triggered alerts).
+  private volatile String biDiNavigatingContextId = null;
+
   @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   private LocalLogs localLogs;
 
@@ -371,7 +393,125 @@ public Capabilities getCapabilities() {
 
   @Override
   public void get(String url) {
-    execute(DriverCommand.GET(url));
+    if (isBiDiEnabled()) {
+      String contextId = getWindowHandle();
+      ReadinessState readiness = getReadinessState();
+      Duration timeout = getPageLoadDuration();
+      navigateViaBiDi(
+          contextId,
+          () -> new BrowsingContext(this, contextId).navigate(url, readiness, timeout));
+    } else {
+      execute(DriverCommand.GET(url));
+    }
+  }
+
+  // BiDi is active when the driver implements HasBiDi and the session returned a WebSocket URL
+  // (a String), not just the boolean request capability that was sent at session creation.
+  private boolean isBiDiEnabled() {
+    return this instanceof HasBiDi
+        && getCapabilities().getCapability("webSocketUrl") instanceof String;
+  }
+
+  private ReadinessState getReadinessState() {
+    Object raw = getCapabilities().getCapability(CapabilityType.PAGE_LOAD_STRATEGY);
+    // The capability may be a PageLoadStrategy enum (set locally) or a String (deserialized from
+    // JSON), so normalise to the enum via toString() before comparing.
+    PageLoadStrategy strategy =
+        raw instanceof PageLoadStrategy
+            ? (PageLoadStrategy) raw
+            : PageLoadStrategy.fromString(raw == null ? null : raw.toString());
+    if (PageLoadStrategy.EAGER.equals(strategy)) {
+      return ReadinessState.INTERACTIVE;
+    } else if (PageLoadStrategy.NONE.equals(strategy)) {
+      return ReadinessState.NONE;
+    }
+    return ReadinessState.COMPLETE;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the effective page load timeout for BiDi navigation commands. The value is cached so
+  // repeated navigations don't incur an extra HTTP round-trip to GET_TIMEOUTS.
+  private Duration getPageLoadDuration() {
+    if (biDiPageLoadTimeout == null) {
+      synchronized (this) {
+        if (biDiPageLoadTimeout == null) {
+          biDiPageLoadTimeout = manage().timeouts().getPageLoadTimeout();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return biDiPageLoadTimeout;
+  }
+
+  private static final Json BIDI_JSON = new Json();
+
+  // Shared event definition for browsingContext.userPromptOpened used during navigation.
+  private static final Event<UserPromptOpened> USER_PROMPT_OPENED_EVENT =
+      new Event<>(
+          "browsingContext.userPromptOpened",
+          params -> {
+            try (StringReader reader = new StringReader(BIDI_JSON.toJson(params));
+                JsonInput input = BIDI_JSON.newInput(reader)) {
+              return input.readNonNull(UserPromptOpened.class);
+            }
+          });
+
+  private UnexpectedAlertBehaviour getUnhandledPromptBehaviour() {
+    Object raw = getCapabilities().getCapability(CapabilityType.UNHANDLED_PROMPT_BEHAVIOUR);
+    if (raw instanceof UnexpectedAlertBehaviour) {
+      return (UnexpectedAlertBehaviour) raw;
+    }
+    if (raw instanceof String) {
+      return UnexpectedAlertBehaviour.fromString((String) raw);
+    }
+    // W3C WebDriver spec default is "dismiss and notify"
+    return UnexpectedAlertBehaviour.DISMISS_AND_NOTIFY;
+  }
+
+  // Installs a single session-scoped browsingContext.userPromptOpened listener the first time
+  // BiDi navigation is used. The listener only acts while biDiNavigatingContextId is set,
+  // so it has no effect on user-triggered alerts outside of navigation.
+  private void ensureBiDiPromptListener() {
+    if (biDiPromptListenerInstalled.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+      ((HasBiDi) this)
+          .getBiDi()
+          .addListener(
+              USER_PROMPT_OPENED_EVENT,
+              prompt -> {
+                String contextId = biDiNavigatingContextId;
+                if (contextId == null || !contextId.equals(prompt.getBrowsingContextId())) {
+                  return;
+                }
+                UnexpectedAlertBehaviour behaviour = getUnhandledPromptBehaviour();
+                if (behaviour == UnexpectedAlertBehaviour.IGNORE) {
+                  return;
+                }
+                boolean accept =
+                    behaviour == UnexpectedAlertBehaviour.ACCEPT
+                        || behaviour == UnexpectedAlertBehaviour.ACCEPT_AND_NOTIFY;
+                LOG.fine(
+                    () ->
+                        String.format(
+                            "Handling %s user prompt during BiDi navigation (%s)",
+                            prompt.getType(), accept ? "accept" : "dismiss"));
+                new BrowsingContext(this, contextId).handleUserPrompt(accept);
+              });
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Wraps a BiDi navigation call with prompt handling that replicates, for BiDi, the automatic
+  // unhandledPromptBehavior that classic WebDriver delegates to the browser.
+  private void navigateViaBiDi(String contextId, Runnable navigation) {
+    ensureBiDiPromptListener();
+    UnexpectedAlertBehaviour behaviour = getUnhandledPromptBehaviour();
+    if (behaviour == UnexpectedAlertBehaviour.IGNORE) {
+      navigation.run();
+      return;
+    }
+    biDiNavigatingContextId = contextId;
+    try {
+      navigation.run();
+    } finally {
+      biDiNavigatingContextId = null;
+    }
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -1145,6 +1285,7 @@ public Duration getScriptTimeout() {
       @Override
       public Timeouts pageLoadTimeout(Duration duration) {
         execute(DriverCommand.SET_PAGE_LOAD_TIMEOUT(duration));
+        biDiPageLoadTimeout = duration;
         return this;
       }
 
@@ -1218,12 +1359,24 @@ private class RemoteNavigation implements Navigation {
 
     @Override
     public void back() {
-      execute(DriverCommand.GO_BACK);
+      if (isBiDiEnabled()) {
+        String contextId = getWindowHandle();
+        navigateViaBiDi(
+            contextId, () -> new BrowsingContext(RemoteWebDriver.this, contextId).back());
+      } else {
+        execute(DriverCommand.GO_BACK);
+      }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void forward() {
-      execute(DriverCommand.GO_FORWARD);
+      if (isBiDiEnabled()) {
+        String contextId = getWindowHandle();
+        navigateViaBiDi(
+            contextId, () -> new BrowsingContext(RemoteWebDriver.this, contextId).forward());
+      } else {
+        execute(DriverCommand.GO_FORWARD);
+      }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1238,7 +1391,18 @@ public void to(URL url) {
 
     @Override
     public void refresh() {
-      execute(DriverCommand.REFRESH);
+      if (isBiDiEnabled()) {
+        String contextId = getWindowHandle();
+        ReadinessState readiness = getReadinessState();
+        Duration timeout = getPageLoadDuration();
+        navigateViaBiDi(
+            contextId,
+            () ->
+                new BrowsingContext(RemoteWebDriver.this, contextId)
+                    .reload(readiness, timeout));
+      } else {
+        execute(DriverCommand.REFRESH);
+      }
     }
   }
 

java/test/org/openqa/selenium/bidi/browsingcontext/BiDiNavigationTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.openqa.selenium.bidi.browsingcontext;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.titleIs;
+import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated;
+import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.EDGE;
+
+import java.net.MalformedURLException;
+import java.net.URL;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.openqa.selenium.By;
+import org.openqa.selenium.testing.JupiterTestBase;
+import org.openqa.selenium.testing.NeedsFreshDriver;
+import org.openqa.selenium.testing.NotYetImplemented;
+
+class BiDiNavigationTest extends JupiterTestBase {
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  void driverGetNavigatesToUrlViaBiDi() {
+    String url = appServer.whereIs("formPage.html");
+    driver.get(url);
+    assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl()).contains("formPage.html");
+    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("We Leave From Here");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  void driverGetNavigatesToSecondUrlViaBiDi() {
+    driver.get(pages.formPage);
+    String url = appServer.whereIs("simpleTest.html");
+    driver.get(url);
+    assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl()).contains("simpleTest.html");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  @NotYetImplemented(EDGE)
+  void navigateToStringUrlViaNavigationTo() {
+    String url = appServer.whereIs("formPage.html");
+    driver.navigate().to(url);
+    assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl()).contains("formPage.html");
+    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("We Leave From Here");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  @NotYetImplemented(EDGE)
+  void navigateToUrlObjectViaNavigationTo() throws MalformedURLException {
+    URL url = new URL(appServer.whereIs("formPage.html"));
+    driver.navigate().to(url);
+    assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl()).contains("formPage.html");
+    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("We Leave From Here");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  @NotYetImplemented(EDGE)
+  void navigateBackTraversesHistory() {
+    driver.get(pages.formPage);
+    wait.until(visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("imageButton"))).submit();
+    wait.until(titleIs("We Arrive Here"));
+
+    driver.navigate().back();
+    wait.until(titleIs("We Leave From Here"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  @NotYetImplemented(EDGE)
+  void navigateForwardTraversesHistory() {
+    driver.get(pages.formPage);
+    wait.until(visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("imageButton"))).submit();
+    wait.until(titleIs("We Arrive Here"));
+
+    driver.navigate().back();
+    wait.until(titleIs("We Leave From Here"));
+
+    driver.navigate().forward();
+    wait.until(titleIs("We Arrive Here"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  @NeedsFreshDriver
+  @NotYetImplemented(EDGE)
+  void refreshReloadsCurrentPage() {
+    String url = appServer.whereIs("formPage.html");
+    driver.get(url);
+    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("We Leave From Here");
+
+    driver.navigate().refresh();
+
+    assertThat(driver.getCurrentUrl()).contains("formPage.html");
+    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("We Leave From Here");
+  }
+}