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Add effective surface tension#229

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Jim-Xu wants to merge 4 commits into
compdyn:masterfrom
Jim-Xu:org_film
Open

Add effective surface tension#229
Jim-Xu wants to merge 4 commits into
compdyn:masterfrom
Jim-Xu:org_film

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@Jim-Xu

@Jim-Xu Jim-Xu commented Jul 16, 2026

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Summary

This PR adds an effective surface tension (EST) treatment for CCN activation as an alternative to the existing constant surface tension assumption. Previously, Köhler-based CCN activation in PartMC assumed a fixed surface tension (typically that of pure water), which does not capture the surface-tension lowering caused by surface-active organics (surfactants). The new method estimates a composition-dependent effective surface tension per particle, so surfactant effects on droplet activation are represented explicitly.

Reference

The EST formulation and its evaluation follow:

Xu, X., Curtis, J. H., Yao, Y., Liu, Y., West, M., & Riemer, N. (2026). Role of liquid–liquid phase separation-induced surface tension changes in cloud droplet activation. Aerosol Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2026.2631789

@codecov

codecov Bot commented Jul 16, 2026

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Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 5.30303% with 125 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 76.19%. Comparing base (636ac09) to head (c221088).

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
src/aero_particle.F90 0.00% 120 Missing ⚠️
src/aero_state.F90 0.00% 4 Missing ⚠️
src/aero_data.F90 87.50% 1 Missing ⚠️

❌ Your project check has failed because the head coverage (76.19%) is below the adjusted base coverage (76.41%). You can increase the head coverage or adjust the Removed Code Behavior.

Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #229      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   77.40%   76.19%   -1.22%     
==========================================
  Files          55       53       -2     
  Lines        9436     9326     -110     
==========================================
- Hits         7304     7106     -198     
- Misses       2132     2220      +88     

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